Emerging importance of acinetobacter and its antibiogram in the recent era

Authors

  • Dr. Retina Paul College of Medicine and JNM Hospital, Block A, Post Office Kalyani, Near Silpanchal Station,Nadia, West Bengal - 741 235, India.
  • Nabamita Chaudhury Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, Purba Barddhaman, West Bengal, India
  • R. N. Misra College of Medicine and JNM Hospital, Nadia, West Bengal, India
  • Shazad Mirza Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital andResearch Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
  • Sankha Subhra Chaudhuri Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, Purba Barddhaman,West Bengal, India
  • Sukanta Sen ICARE Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Haldia, West Bengal, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2018.5.2.7

Keywords:

Acb complex, Acinetobacter species, antibiotic sensitivity, extended-spectrum, β-lactamases, metallo-β-lactamases

Abstract

Background: Acinetobacter is widely distributed in nature as saprophytes. Recently, they have emerged as a nosocomial pathogen
due to its ability for survival in the hospital environment on a wide range of dry and moist surface. They cause pneumonia, urinary
tract infection (UTI), and surgical site infection (SSI) where drain tips are inserted, endocarditis, meningitis, peritonitis, and
bacteremia. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Acinetobacter may vary geographically. Due to multidrug resistance patterns of
Acinetobacter, it is imperative to know the institutional prevalent susceptibility profiles.
Aims and Objectives: This study was conducted to isolate Acinetobacter species from various clinical samples, to determine the
antibiotic susceptibility pattern and to carry out the epidemiological investigation of the isolates.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital, over a period of 2 years. After identification, the
speciations of Acinetobacter isolates were done by biochemical tests and by VITEK 2. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by
disc diffusion method. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) production were detected
by the combined disc diffusion test. An epidemiological study of Acinetobacter was carried out.
Results: Of 5096 infected samples, 505 (9.9%) were non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli, among which 170 (33.8%) were
found to be Acinetobacter. The highest numbers of isolates were Acinetobacter baumannii, followed by Acinetobacter lwoffii,
Acinetobacter radioresistance, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Acinetobacter Haemolyticus, and Acinetobacter ursingii. Highest
incidences of susceptibility were to imipenem (60%), chloramphenicol, and gentamicin. ESBL and MBL productions were detected
in 23% and 17%, respectively.
Conclusion: A high level of antibiotic resistance was observed in this study and maximum isolation rate was in SSI. Most of
the patients had high-risk factors such as prolonged hospitalization, indwelling catheters, and orthopedics implants in situ or
other catheterization and diabetes. The analysis of susceptibility pattern will be useful in understanding the epidemiology of this
organism in our hospital setup.

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Author Biographies

Dr. Retina Paul, College of Medicine and JNM Hospital, Block A, Post Office Kalyani, Near Silpanchal Station,Nadia, West Bengal - 741 235, India.

Department of Microbiology

Nabamita Chaudhury, Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, Purba Barddhaman, West Bengal, India

Department of Microbiology

R. N. Misra, College of Medicine and JNM Hospital, Nadia, West Bengal, India

Department of Microbiology

Shazad Mirza, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital andResearch Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Department of Microbiology

Sankha Subhra Chaudhuri, Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, Purba Barddhaman,West Bengal, India

Department of Ophthalmology

Sukanta Sen, ICARE Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Haldia, West Bengal, India

Department of Pharmacology

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Published

2018-06-30

How to Cite

Dr. Retina Paul, Nabamita Chaudhury, R. N. Misra, Shazad Mirza, Sankha Subhra Chaudhuri, & Sukanta Sen. (2018). Emerging importance of acinetobacter and its antibiogram in the recent era. Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences, 5(2), 25–32. https://doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2018.5.2.7