Stroke-Related Risk Factors: A Review

Abstract

Stroke (cerebrovascular accident) is the second leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide. The major risk factors of stroke are categorized as modifiable and non-modifiable. Modifiable risk factors include hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and smoking. Non-modifiable risk factors include age, genetic, gender, and race. Risk factors that are specific to women including pregnancy, postpartum period, and oral contraceptives, some psychological factors such as stress and depression are linked to stroke. The burden of stroke is increasing globally. Furthermore, because stroke treatment is not satisfactory, significant effort should be focused on reducing risk factors to reduce the disease’s effects. The current study will provide a better understanding of risk factors associated with stroke that may further lead to improved prevention of stroke.