Protective Effects of Lantana camera (aculeata) in Rheumatoid Arthritis Using In Vitro and In Vivo Complete Freund’s Adjuvant Induced Arthritis in Rats

Abstract

The main objective of the present work is to evaluate the potential of Lantana camera (aculeata) for anti-arthritic activity using in vitro and in vivo study. Lantana camara is an important medicinal, ornamental and essential oil-producing herb from family Verbenaceae. Different parts of L. camara have been used for the treatment of various human ailments such as itches, cuts, ulcers, swellings, bilious fever, eczema, tetanus, malaria, tumor, rheumatism, and headache. The anti-arthritic activities of pet ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and aqueous extracts of L. camera were initially evaluated using in vitro model of arthritis. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts were found to be better among all the extract in in vitro study and hence subjected for further in vivo anti-arthritic study using complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) model in rats for 28 days. Both the extracts at 200 and 400 mg/kg were evaluated in rats for different parameters. The paw volume displacement, changes in body weight, arthritic index, alteration in serum biomarker, alteration in hematological parameters, secondary lesions changes as noticed from the radiograph and histopathology study were measured as a mark of antiarthritic activity. The results indicate that L.camera protects rats remarkably against the primary and secondary arthritic lesions, body weight changes, serum biomarker changes, radiological, histopathological, and hematological perturbations induced by CFA in dose-dependent manner. However, the effect of ethanolic extract at the dose of 400 mg/kg was more significant, superior, and pronounced than aqueous extract and also it is comparable to the standard drug.