Mandibular Fractures

Abstract

Aim and Objectives: To study the age and sex , etiological factors causing mandibular fracture, types of fractures, its modalities of treatment and complications associated with various modalities of treatment. Materials & Methods: A prospective study of 250 consecutive cases of mandibular fractures that are treated over a period of 28 months. Patients who died due to polytrauma in Emergency ward have not been included in our study. Results: It is seen that in our series of 250patients, 88.8(222) are Males, only 11.2% (28) are females. Maximum number of patients is in 21-30 age groups i.e. 40.8% (102) cases, Total numbers of pediatric cases are 9. Distributed in 2:1 ratio (boys-6—66.6% and girls-3-33.3%). The minimum age being 3yrs. 92% (230) Patients had a unilateral mandibular fractures while 8% (20) patients had bilateral fractures. Only in 12.8 %( 32) of cases the mandible fracture is associated with other facial bone fractures while in majority 87.2% (218) no such associated injury was observed. Fractures of parasymphysis (70.5%), body(10.4%), angle(7.8%), condyle(5.9%), dentoalveolar(2%) and symphysis(1.3%) are the most common sites while fractures of ramus(0.7%), coronoid(0.7%) and subcondyle(0.7%)are the least common fracture sites. Among the cases having multiple site fractures (65),fracture parasymphysis+angle is the commonest(64.6%), The most common associated injury are to other facial bones, in which maxilla involved more i.e., 22 cases (8.8%) followed by 10 cases (4%) of Zygoma. 218 cases (87.2%) are mandible fractures, which are exceeding over associated injuries. Conclusion: We conclude that open reduction and internal fixation along with Inter Maxillary fixation is the best method among the three alternatives with very less morbidity and complications.