The prevalence and determinant factors of post-stroke cognitive impairment

Abstract

Background: Stroke is the main health problem in Indonesia. Cognitive impairment is one of the post-stroke problems. Research on cognitive impairment prevalence and the related risk factors in Indonesia is not yet satisfied.
Objective: This study aimed to measure the prevalence and determinant factors of cognitive impairment in post-stroke patients.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. The subjects were post-ischemic stroke patients at Bethesda Hospital, Yogyakarta. Cognitive impairment was measured by Montreal Cognitive Assesment-Indonesian Version (MoCA-INA) instrument and clock drawing test (CDT). Cognitive impairment defined as MoCA-INA <26 dan CDT >1, whereas good cognitive function defined as MoCA-INA ≥26 dan CDT = 1. Other data were obtained from electronic stroke registry. All data were analyzed with univariate test, Chi-square test, and logistic regression test.
Results: There are 110 subjects consist of 72 (65.5%) male patients and 38 (34.5%) female patients. There were 75 (68.2%) patients with cognitive impairment and 35 (31.8%) patients with good cognitive function. Logistic regression test showed time to hospital (odds ratio [OR]: 52.723, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.982–698.07, P: 0.003), multiple lesions (OR: 9.878, 95% CI: 1.093–89.314, P: 0.041), and temporal lesion (OR: 26.102, 95% CI: 2.146–317.43, P: 0.010) was significant factors to cognitive impairment on post-ischemic stroke patients.
Conclusion: The prevalence of cognitive impairment on post-ischemic stroke patients is high. The determinant factors of post-stroke cognitive impairment are stroke onset, multiple lesions, and temporal lesion.