Efficacy of intravenous Dexmedetomidine in attenuation of hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation

Abstract

Introduction: The process of laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation are noxious stimuli and is associated with intense sympathetic activity which may precipitate intra-operative complications. Aim:To study the efficacy of intravenous dexmedetomidine in attenuation of hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in a group of hundred patients. The study population was divided randomly into two groups.Group C – Control group (n=50) – received 10 ml ofnormal saline intravenously over 10 minutes, 10 minutes before induction and Group D – (n=50) – received Dexmedetomidine in the dose of 0.6 µg/kg body weight diluted in 10 ml of normal saline. Results: There was marked decrease in HR 10 minutes after Dexmedetomidine administration. HR, SBP, DBP and MAP markedly increased at 1 minute following laryngoscopy and intubation in the control group where as in Dexmedetomidine group there was a fall in HR, SBP, DBP and MAP at all times which was statistically significant. There was reduced thiopentone requirement and no increased sedation scoring in patients belonging to Dexmedetomidine group compared to control group. There were minimal side effects noted in the Dexmedetomidine group which were managed easily. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine at a dose of 0.6µ/kg body weight given 10 minutes before induction significantly attenuated the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation and there was reduction in dose requirement of thiopentone sodium without significant side effects