Our Results of Genetic Mutation Analysis in Lung Cancer

Abstract

Objective: Molecular pathways thought to be effective in carcinogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), new agents have developed in cancer cells against specific targets on these molecular pathways. We wanted to determine the genetic mutation analyzes of our patients before treatment begins and to see the genetic mutation data of our country. Materials and Methods: The pathology results of 680 patients with NSCLC were evaluated (between 2015-2017). Mutation detection and EGFR mutation analysis were performed by real time PCR method. For gene translocation detection: by using specific a probe to Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) and ROS1 gene molecules, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), ALK and ROS1 gene rearrangement tests were performed. Results: 542 patients had adenocarcinoma (79.7%), and 138 patients (21.3%) had non-adeno associated NSCLC pathology. The EGFR mutation was found in 651 patients, 75 (11.5%) were positive and were mutant. ALK was found to be positive in 11 patients (2.25%) in 488 patients. ROS was evaluated in 393 patients and in 4 patients (1.01%) it was evaluated as positive. Conclusion: The most common mutations for adenocarcinoma occur with EGFR, ALK, and ROS 1 gene rearrangements. Unlike literature data, we found that 3 mutations were higher than the literature in terms of age and smoking rates were higher in cases with EGFR mutation. Genomic examination should be performed in non-adeno NSCLC, especially in non-smokers. With high number of cases and having a mosaic of the country, our study is important to share.