Various Solvent Effects on Phytochemical Screening and Gas Chromatography–mass Spectroscopy Analysis of Tephrosia Villosa Leaf Extract Mass

Abstract

Introduction: Plants produce various chemicals to protect themselves; but recent studies proved that many phytochemicals can also protect humans against infectious diseases. The present study was conducted to identify and characterize the phytoconstituents and gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GCMS) analysis of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, and aqueous extract of leaves of Tephrosia villosa (L.) Pers. of family Fabaceae. Materials and Method: The leaf extracts were subjected to qualitative screening for primary and secondary metabolites as per standard methods; further, GC–MS analysis was carried out for the identification of secondary metabolites. Result: Preliminary phytochemical screening of leaf extract of T. villosa showed positive result for alkaloids, flavonoids and triterpenoids, saponins, glycosides, gum and mucilages, and fixed oils in methanolic extract which is followed by aqueous extract. In quantitative analysis, the highest amount of phenolic content was obtained in aqueous extract, tannin in petroleum ether, and flavonoids and saponins in ethyl acetate. GC–MS analysis of leaf extract revealed the presence of 53 bioactive phytochemical compounds. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the species contain effective phytochemical compounds, need further research on toxicological aspects to develop a safe drug.